The festivals celebrated in Tamil Nadu often differ from those observed in North India, and similarly, many North Indian festivals do not find the same significance in the southern regions. However, Diwali is the one exception—a festival that unites Hindus from Rameshwaram to the Himalayas. In Tamil Nadu, Diwali is celebrated with bursting crackers, wearing new clothes, enjoying sweets, seeking blessings from elders, and offering prayers at temples. Naraka Chaturdashi, also known as Choti Diwali, is a key part of this celebration, which symbolizes the triumph of good over evil. While the traditions may vary, Naraka Chaturdashi is a festival that brings together people from different parts of the country.
The Mythological Story
According to Hindu mythology, Naraka Chaturdashi commemorates the victory of Lord Krishna over the demon Narakasura. The story begins with Lord Vishnu, in his Varaha avatar, marrying Goddess Bhudevi (Earth). Together, they had a son named Bhauman, who, after performing intense penance, received many boons and eventually turned into the demon Narakasura, wreaking havoc across the world.
The poet Kambar beautifully states that those devoid of compassion are called 'asuras' (demons). Narakasura’s reign of terror escalated, prompting Lord Krishna to take action. Accompanied by the fearless Satyabhama, who served as his charioteer, Lord Krishna confronted Narakasura in battle. Narakasura had secured a boon that he could only be killed by his mother. During the battle, Narakasura’s weapon struck Krishna, causing him to faint, which enraged Satyabhama.
Gathering her courage, Satyabhama took up Krishna’s bow and arrow and fought valiantly, ultimately defeating and killing Narakasura. As Narakasura lay dying, Satyabhama realized that he was her own son. Despite this, understanding the divine will of Lord Krishna, she requested a boon for the benefit of humanity. According to the scriptures, Narakasura himself wished to be remembered through the festival of Naraka Chaturdashi, commemorating the day of his defeat.
Significance of Naraka Chaturdashi
Naraka Chaturdashi symbolizes a central theme in Hindu philosophy: the triumph of light over darkness. Darkness represents ignorance and despair, while light stands for knowledge, joy, hope, and bliss. This festival serves as a reminder of the importance of compassion, wisdom, and the celebration of life. Observed on the Chaturdashi (14th day) of the waning moon in the month of Aippasi (Ashwin), it derives its name—Naraka Chaturdashi—from this auspicious timing.
However, there are certain customs and practices to be mindful of on Naraka Chaturdashi. It is believed that one should avoid donate oil on this day, as it is considered inauspicious. Additionally, abstaining from the consumption of meat is advised, aligning with the festival’s focus on purity and spiritual observance.
Traditional Practices and Observances
In North India, Naraka Chaturdashi or choti Diwali is celebrated with enthusiasm. Early in the morning, families rise before dawn to apply oil to their bodies, symbolizing the blessings of Goddess Lakshmi. This practice is rooted in the belief that on this day, the waters in every home are imbued with the purity of the Ganga, while Lakshmi resides in the oil. Prayers offered to Lord Krishna and Yamraj on the Naraka chaturdashi
In contrast, in South India, Diwali is celebrated as Lakshmi Puja or Kubera Puja. On this day, homes are illuminated with oil lamps. In Bengal, the celebration involves worshipping clay idols of Kali.
Naraka Chaturdashi 2024 Date: This year Naraka Chaturdashi falls on 31st October, Thursday.